The history of the town of Slantsy
The exhibit of the Museum of Local History and Tradition

The history of the town of Slantsy

Shale products Exhibit devoted to Great Patriotic War Articles of miner’s life  Shale samples

Slantsy (Shales) is one of the youngest towns of Leningrad region - it turned 70 years in 2000. Over 40 ths. people reside here.

The town owes its birth and name to the shale field discovered here in 1926. Shale is a solid mineral of sedimentary and organic origin that can be used as fuel and, also, processed into chemical products. It is deposited in sediments of different geological age - from ancient Palaeozoic to Tertiary period, inclusively. Shale industry is developed in Russia, Estonia and China.

Shale mining was first started in Estlyandskaya province of tsarist Russia (now Estonia) in 1916 and extended into Petrogradskaya province (now Leningrad region) in 1918. The local shale oil field was significant not only for the northwest of Russia but for the whole Soviet Union. The first mine was founded on April 9, 1930 near the village of Bolshye Polya (Big Fields). The industrial community around the mine finally became the town of Slantsy.

In the years of Great Patriotic War, when the whole area was occupied by the Germans, Slantsy and its industrial enterprises were completely destroyed. After the war the town was built up anew and the mines restored by 1949.

Slantsy of our days is an important industrial center. Shale mining and processing is run by two large-scale enterprises - Leningradslanets JSC and Zavod Slantsy JSC. Other industries developed here are construction engineering, processing of petrochemical and agricultural products, and mechanical rubber manufacture.

All these facts and many more are mentioned in the museum exhibit "The History of Our Land".

The exhibit of the Museum of Local History and Tradition
Model of the “Slantsy” plant  Fossil trilobites Dinar from Germany Fauna corner  Art exhibit of the museum

An interesting archeological collection from the mounds of the 12th-14th centuries in Olgin Krest (Olga's Cross), a small village in Slantsy neighbourhood, is displayed in the exhibit. It amounts 615 pieces, mostly women's adornments made of bronze and silver, as well as artifacts produced nearby the Narova River. A collection of ancient coins, including a German dinar (Mainz, 1031-1054 A.D.) and an Anglo-Saxon penny of the King Kanut times (1016-1035 A.D.), was donated to the museum by E.Petrov, its discoverer.

An unusual ashlar cross of the 14th-15th century found in Pavlovsky Pogost attracts attention giving an idea of the old Slavic funeral rites.

Small but diverse collection of local fauna enjoys wide popularity, especially among children. Stuffed animals and birds made by a Slantsy resident L.Mandryka are displayed here. Not uncommon wolves, bears and lynxes can be seen here next to such rare species as roes, golden eagles or fish-hawks.
Impressive fossilized trilobites, inhabitants of Cretaceous, that were found in the Leningradskaya mine are donated to the museum and shown here.

A large section of the museum exhibit is devoted to the main occupation of Slantsy residents - shale mining and processing. It is interesting to compare miner's implements of the 1930-ies and 1990-ies. A dynamic electrified scale model of Zavod Slantsy plant donated by its workers and a scale model of a cement-mill made and donated by mechanic N.Kudryavtsev are entertaining. Here visitors can also see various samples of local industry production, including that of Leningradslanets JSC (mined shale), Zavod Slantsy (benzene, electrode coke, resins and oils etc.) and of the Slantsevsky cement works (different kinds of cements).

A special exhibit covers the Great Patriotic War period in the history of Slantsy showing objects of the war time and portraits of Slantsy residents fighting at the fronts and in partisan detachments.